The Tehran Conference was held in the Soviet Embassy in Tehran, Iran, between Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill. Running from November 28 to December 1, 1943, it was the first of the World War II conferences held between all of the "Big Three" Allied leaders (the Soviet Union, the United States, and the United Kingdom). It closely followed the Cairo Conference and was followed by the Yalta and Potsdam conferences. Although the leaders arrived with differing objectives, the main outcome of the Tehran Conference was the commitment to the opening of a second front against Nazi Germany by the Western Allies. The conference also addressed relations with Turkey and Iran, operations in Yugoslavia and against Japan as well as the structure of postwar Europe. A separate protocol pledged the Big Three`s recognition of the independence of Iran.